<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[The Gadfly: Tools]]></title><description><![CDATA[Tools, resources and downloads for paid supporters of The Gadfly.]]></description><link>https://www.gadflynotes.com/s/tools</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X9Sr!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39ea0048-b300-4099-81d0-55cac05b5dbf_1080x1080.png</url><title>The Gadfly: Tools</title><link>https://www.gadflynotes.com/s/tools</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Sun, 12 Apr 2026 08:58:44 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://www.gadflynotes.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Frederick Alexander]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[gadflynotes@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[gadflynotes@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Frederick Alexander]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Frederick Alexander]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[gadflynotes@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[gadflynotes@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Frederick Alexander]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[10 Mental Tools for Clearer Thinking]]></title><description><![CDATA[Sharpen your thinking with these timeless principles.]]></description><link>https://www.gadflynotes.com/p/10-mental-tools-for-clearer-thinking</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.gadflynotes.com/p/10-mental-tools-for-clearer-thinking</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Frederick Alexander]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 13 Feb 2026 05:23:22 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A concise guide to ten well-known mental tools &#8211; from Occam&#8217;s Razor to Goodhart&#8217;s Law &#8211; designed to help you think more clearly and avoid common errors in reasoning.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp" width="960" height="540" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:540,&quot;width&quot;:960,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:52366,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.gadflynotes.com/i/187824081?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JppU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5dd01e8f-bb91-471f-82ac-cea5a9e59548_960x540.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div>
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